Urban Security: The Art and Science of Target's Red Ball
The Target Red Ball is a large, concrete sphere that is placed in front of many Target stores. It is designed to deter car theft and other crimes.
When you think of Target, the iconic red bullseye logo probably comes to mind. But there's another red symbol that has become synonymous with the brand: the Target Red Ball. These giant red concrete balls, officially known as bollards, sit outside many Target stores across the nation. But what's the story behind them, and how do they fit into the broader context of urban security?
The Creation of the Target Red Ball
The Target Red Ball is more than just a decorative piece. It's a functional bollard designed to protect storefronts from vehicles, whether they're out-of-control or part of a potential smash-and-grab heist. While they've become a fun and iconic part of Target's branding (and a popular backdrop for Instagram photos), their primary purpose is safety.
Target isn't the first to use bollards for protection, but they might be among the few who've turned such a utilitarian object into a branding opportunity. The red color, consistent with Target's branding, makes these bollards stand out, turning a security feature into a marketing tool.
The Science Behind the Red Ball
The Red Balls are made of concrete and weigh in at a massive 1,200 pounds each. Their sheer weight and size make them an effective barrier against vehicles. The science behind it is straightforward: it's a matter of transferring momentum. When a moving object (like a car) hits a stationary object (like a bollard), the moving object's momentum is transferred to the stationary object. Given the weight and sturdiness of these bollards, a car would stop or be significantly slowed down upon impact, protecting the storefront and the people inside.
Physical Security - Points to note
Physical security is an important part of any comprehensive security plan. It can help to deter crime, prevent unauthorized access, and protect people and property.
There are many different ways to implement physical security measures. The best approach will vary depending on the specific needs of the organization or community.
It is important to regularly assess the physical security of an organization or community to ensure that it is still effective. This assessment should include a review of the existing security measures and an identification of any potential vulnerabilities.
Physical security should be part of a layered security approach that includes other measures, such as cybersecurity and risk management. By taking a layered approach, organizations and communities can improve their overall security posture.
Physical Security in Urban Environments
The Target Red Ball is a prime example of how businesses and cities are getting creative with their security measures. Urban environments worldwide are integrating security features that blend seamlessly into the landscape, serving dual purposes: protection and aesthetics. Following are some methods from a book published by FEMA in 2013 [1].
Natural and Aesthetic Barriers:
Heavy Objects and Trees: Use of large sculptural objects, massive boulders, earthen berms, concrete forms, and dense plantings or mature trees to prevent vehicle access while allowing pedestrian and bicycle movement.
Water Obstacles: Incorporate artificial or natural lakes, ponds, rivers, and fountains as barriers. These can be both aesthetically pleasing and effective in preventing vehicular intrusion.
Fences: Traditional fences can be enhanced with modern designs and materials to serve as security barriers. They can be combined with other features like cable barriers for added security.
Streetscape Elements:
Reinforced Street Furniture and Fixtures: Common urban elements like benches, light standards, bus shelters, and planters can be reinforced to serve as anti-ram barriers. These elements can be both functional and aesthetically pleasing.
NOGO Barrier: A combination of a security device and public art, these barriers are visually attractive and can be used for socializing or relaxation.
TigerTrap: A collapsible sidewalk and planting system designed to collapse under the weight of a loaded vehicle, effectively stopping it.
Active Barriers:
Retractable Bollards: These can be raised or lowered to allow or prevent vehicle access. They can be designed to blend with the urban environment and can be used in high-traffic areas.
Rising and Rotating Wedge Barriers: These barriers can be embedded into the road and raised to prevent vehicle access. Their design can be made to fit the urban aesthetic.
Drop Arm Crash Beams: Strengthened versions of barriers seen at parking garages, these can be raised or lowered to regulate vehicle access.
Crash Gates: These gates can be designed to fit the urban aesthetic while providing a strong barrier against unauthorized vehicle access.
Surface-Mounted Rotating Plates: These are modular bolt-down barrier systems that can be quickly installed and removed as needed.
Turntable Vehicle Barrier: A shallow-foundation operable device that provides the function of retractable bollards without the need for deep foundations. It can be designed to match the surrounding environment.
Innovative Systems:
Ha-Ha: A traditional barrier that's been adapted for modern use, it's a recessed landscape design element that acts as a barrier without obstructing views.
Turntable: Designed for urban environments with many underground utilities, this barrier rotates to allow or prevent vehicle access and can be designed to match the surrounding environment.
Conclusion
As urban environments evolve, the need for security measures that blend into the surroundings becomes paramount. The Target Red Ball is a testament to how functionality and design can come together, offering protection while enhancing the urban landscape. As we move forward, we can expect to see more such innovative solutions that prioritize both safety and aesthetics.
[1] Agency, F. E., Security, U. S. D. (2013). Risk Management Series: Site and Urban Design for Security - Guidance Against Potential Terrorist Attacks. (n.p.): CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.